n. The American woodland reindeer, Rangifer caribou or R. tarandus, inhabiting northerly North America as far as the limit of trees, where it is replaced by the barren-ground reindeer, to which the name is also extended.n. No fewer than 10 species of caribou have been described from North America, some being restricted to a comparatively limited area. Such are Rangifer terranovæ of Newfoundland and R. dawsoni from the Queen Charlotte Islands. The most eastern species is R. grœnlandicus from Greenland, the westernmost R. granti from the end of the Alaska peninsula.