The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, 4th Edition
n. A statistical measure of the variance of two random variables that are observed or measured in the same mean time period. This measure is equal to the product of the deviations of corresponding values of the two variables from their respective means.
n. A statistical measure defined as given two real-valued random variables X and Y, with expected values and .
n. The conversion of data types from wider to narrower in certain situations.
the GNU version of the Collaborative International Dictionary of English
n. a statistical measure of the relationship of two variables, formed by multiplying the difference of each variable from its mean, both variables being measured at the same time, and averaging all such products.
WordNet 3.0 Copyright 2006 by Princeton University. All rights reserved.
n. (statistics) the mean value of the product of the deviations of two variates from their respective means
Word Usage
"If so, this would explain the reference to a "correlation matrix" in their article and could also be reconciled with the use of the term covariance matrix in the email."