n. The state of being incumbent; a lying or resting on something: as, the incumbency of a burden.n. That which is incumbent; a superincumbent weight, physical, mental, or moral; hence, a grave duty, responsibility, or obligation.n. The state of being an incumbent or holder of an office; the discharge of official or stated functions of any kind, especially of ecclesiastical functions; specifically, the state of holding or being in possession of a church benefice.