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n. A figure of speech in which one word or phrase is substituted for another with which it is closely associated, as in the use of Washington for the United States government or of the sword for military power.

n. The use of a single characteristic or name of an object to identify an entire object or related object.

n. A metonym.

n. A trope in which one word is put for another that suggests it

n. In rhetoric, change of name; a trope or figure of speech that consists in substituting the name of one thing for that of another to which the former bears a known and close relation.

n. substituting the name of an attribute or feature for the name of the thing itself (as in `they counted heads')

"Not all figuration is metaphoric though; in metonymy, the process of interpretation is not based on resemblances but on other forms of association -- the association of a crown with a king, for example, such that we use the artefact as a metonymic stand-in for the person."

figure    trope    image    figure of speech   

Wikipedia article on ''trope''    metalepsis   

metalepsis    Some    others    specific    exclusive   

metonym    metonymous   

day-labourer    periphrasis    anyway    toand    privateering