n. The eighth part of a circle.n. In astronomy, that position or aspect of two heavenly bodies, especially a planet and the sun, when half-way between conjunction or opposition and quadrature, or distant from one another by the eighth part of a circle, or 45°.n. An instrument used by seamen for measuring angles, resembling a sextant or quadrant in principle, but having an arc the eighth part of a circle, or 45°. By double reflection it can measure an arc of 90°. See sextant. Hadley's quadrant is really an octant.n. Each of the eight regions into which space is divided by three copunctal non-costraight planes.