n. The act of compensating; counterbalance: as, nature is based on a system of compensations.n. That which is given or received as an equivalent, as for services, debt, want, loss, or suffering; indemnity; recompense; amends; requital.n. That which supplies the place of something else, or makes good a deficiency, or makes amends: as, the speed of the hare is a compensation for its want of any weapon of defense.n. In mech., means of creating a balance of forces; counteraction of opposing tendencies; adjustment for equilibrium.n. In the civil law, the extinguishment of a debt by a counter-claim which the debtor has against his creditor, thus effecting the simultaneous extinguishment of two obligations, or of one and part of another.n. In pathology, an increase in functional power of some organ or part of an organ to make up for a defect in another organ or in another part of the same organ.n. In psychophysics, the neutralization of a sensation by a stimulus process of a complementary or antagonistic kind.n. In vegetable teratol., the occurrence of opposite abnormal conditions in different parts of the same plant, as an atrophied condition of one part associated with a hypertrophied condition of another.