What does motion mean?
Motion most commonly means the movement of a person, object, or substance. It is used in everyday descriptions, such as an object being in motion, as well as in scientific and technical discussions of mechanics, astronomy, and physics. The word can also refer to a formal proposal introduced in a meeting, especially in parliamentary or committee settings, where a motion is debated and voted on. In another, more formal use, motion means a deliberate gesture or movement that communicates an intention, such as motioning for someone to speak. These senses are related through the idea of movement or action, but they are not interchangeable in every context. Motion is useful because it names not only physical change but also purposeful action, whether mechanical, procedural, or communicative.
The action or process of moving, or the movement of a body or substance from one place or position to another.
"The object was in motion for several seconds before it came to rest."
Common in general, scientific, and technical writing. In physics, motion is a change in the position of an object relative to a reference point.
A formal proposal made during a meeting for discussion and a vote.
"The motion to adjourn was passed without opposition."
Especially common in parliamentary, committee, and formal organizational language.
A gesture or deliberate movement that communicates an intention or request.
"He made a motion toward the speaker, indicating that he wished to ask a question."
This use is formal and relatively less common than the physical and procedural senses.
To indicate or request something by a deliberate gesture.
"The chair motioned for the meeting to begin."
Less common than the noun; typically used in formal descriptions of meetings, ceremonies, or public behavior.
The plural is used for multiple movements or actions, and commonly for separate formal proposals in a meeting.
"The members debated several motions before the session ended."
From the Latin word for movement, “motion” became the foundation of a family of words describing everything from inner feelings to public commotion.
Reviewed by Deb Chak, Editor. AI-assisted content curated by RJS Tech Solutions LLP.
Etymology of motion
The English word comes from Latin “motio,” a noun formed from “mover,” meaning “to move.” The same root produced cognates and related English words including “emotion,” “commotion,” and “promotion.” The meaning developed from the general idea of movement to include the movement of a body and, later in legal and parliamentary contexts, a proposal or motion put before a group.
Related word forms
How motion is actually used
In its physical sense, motion is common in scientific, technical, and formal contexts. “Motion” as a meeting proposal is especially associated with formal parliamentary and committee language. In the fourth sense, it is somewhat formal and often implies a deliberate gesture or indication.
Easily confused with motion
Motion is the movement or proposed course of action, whereas an emotion is a feeling such as fear, joy, or anger.
A motive is the reason or intention behind an action, while motion is the action or movement itself.